How Much Do You Know About Sleep?

We all sleep, but not many of us know what sleep is really like. Sleep is more than laying down with closed eyes, there is a whole science behind sleep. Sleep occurs in different stages, and these stages form what we call sleep cycles. 

There are four sleep stages, including one for rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and three that form non-REM (NREM) sleep. 

What is NREM Sleep? 

NREM means non-rapid eye movement, which is the first part of sleep. It is composed of three stages: Stage 1, Stage 2, and Stage 3. 

• Stage 1 happens when we first fall asleep. It usually takes one to seven minutes. 

• Stage 2 is when the body enters a subdued state relaxed muscle, slowed breathing and heart rate, and a drop in body temperature. This usually takes 10 to 25 minutes. 

• Stage 3 is deep sleep, when it is harder to wake someone up. This stage is crucial to body recovery and growth. It happens during the first half of the night and can take about 20 to 40 minutes. 

What is REM Sleep? 

REM, which means rapid eye movement, is the second part of sleep. According to the Sleep Foundation: 

“During REM sleep, brain activity picks up, nearing levels seen when you are awake. At the same time, the body experiences atonia, which is a temporary paralysis of the muscles, with two exceptions: the eyes and the muscles that control breathing. Even though the eyes are closed, they can be seen moving quickly, which is how this stage gets its name.” 

REM sleep helps cognitive activities like learning and creativity. It happens about 90 minutes after falling asleep, but sometimes it can take longer, especially in the second half of the night. 

Why Are These Sleep Stages Important? 

Sleep stages are important because they allow the body and mind to recuperate and develop. Insufficient NREM or REM sleep can cause both mental issues and physical health problems. 

It is also important to note that these stages can vary depending on several factors. These include age, alcohol, caffeine, sleep disorders, and your recent sleep patterns. 

How to Get Better Sleep 

Getting good quality sleep is important to both our mental and physical health. To do so, you might: 

• Have a regular sleep schedule 

• Avoid caffeine before or at any hour close to bedtime 

• Avoid exposure to screens before bedtime 

• Reduce naps, especially late in the day 

Sleep is not just a passive activity it's a vital process that keeps us healthy and functioning.